Liberation-Sud: First Major French Resistance Group
First major resistance group to be formed after the German occupation of France. Started by Emmanuel D’Astier, Raymond Aubrac, and Lucie Aubrac. Liberation-sud, began publishing Liberation in July 1941. Daniel Meyer and the clandestine Socialist Party, helped to build the group’s popularity. In 1942, Liberation-sud became a part of the Conseil National de la Resistance, or CNR.
Konrad Adenauer
Konrad Adenauer- Born in Germany in 1876. Adenauer went to college at Freiburg University, and after became a lawyer in Cologne. Then in 1917, Adenauer was elected as Mayor of Cologne. Adenauer was also part of the Catholic Centre Party and in 1920 became President of the Prussian State Council. Adenauer was put in prison in 1934 because he was a strong opponent of Adolf Hitler and the Nazi Party. Adenauer was eventually released, but was again arrested in 1944 by the Gestapo for being involved with the July Plot.
When the war was over, Adenauer was again Mayor of Cologne, but soon removed by the British authorities. Adenauer helped to establish the Christian Democratic Union, and in 1949, became Chancellor of the Federal Republic of Germany, or West Germany. He remained Chancellor for fourteen years and helped recreate good relations with France and the U.S. Adenauer retired as Chancellor in 1963, and died in 1967.
When the war was over, Adenauer was again Mayor of Cologne, but soon removed by the British authorities. Adenauer helped to establish the Christian Democratic Union, and in 1949, became Chancellor of the Federal Republic of Germany, or West Germany. He remained Chancellor for fourteen years and helped recreate good relations with France and the U.S. Adenauer retired as Chancellor in 1963, and died in 1967.
Otto John
Otto John- Born in Hesse, Germany in 1909. Otto became a lawyer and joined the Lufthansa legal department. After joining the Lufthansa office in Madrid, John joined British Intelligence there. After escaping to England after the July Plot he began working for the BBC German Language Service. When the war was over, John returned to Germany. Here, he helped identify German leaders as pro and anti-Nazis as part of the prosecution team at the Nuremberg War Trials. He later worked for the Federal Office for the Protection of the Constitution. In 1950, John became head of Germany’s new political secret service. He disappeared for over a year and was thought to have gave information to the Soviet Union. However, Otto said he was kidnapped by the KGB but they didn’t believe him and he was arrested for treason. He went to prison for four years and was released on July 28th, 1958. Otto John died on March 26, 1997.
Works Cited
Simkin, John. "Spartacus Educational." Spartacus Educational. Spartacus Educational Publishers Ltd., 2014. Web. 08 May 2016.
<http://spartacus-educational.com/FRliberation.htm>.
Simkin, John. "Spartacus Educational." Spartacus Educational. Spartacus Educational Publishers Ltd., 2014. Web. 08 May 2016.
<http://spartacus-educational.com/GERadenauerK.htm>.
Simkin, John. "Spartacus Educational." Spartacus Educational. Spartacus Educational Publishers Ltd., 2014. Web. 08 May 2016.
<http://spartacus-educational.com/GERjohn.htm>.
Page by SH
<http://spartacus-educational.com/FRliberation.htm>.
Simkin, John. "Spartacus Educational." Spartacus Educational. Spartacus Educational Publishers Ltd., 2014. Web. 08 May 2016.
<http://spartacus-educational.com/GERadenauerK.htm>.
Simkin, John. "Spartacus Educational." Spartacus Educational. Spartacus Educational Publishers Ltd., 2014. Web. 08 May 2016.
<http://spartacus-educational.com/GERjohn.htm>.
Page by SH